Hindi Language (हिंदी भाषा) PDF

Hindi Bhasha – Hindi jiske mankikrit rup ko manak Hindi kaha jata hai, vishv ki ek pramukh bhasha hai evam Bharat ki ek rajbhasha hai. Kendriy star pr Bharat me sah-aadhikarik bhasha angreji hai. Yah hindustani bhasha ki ek mankikrit rup hai jisme sanskrit ke tatsam tatha tadbhav shabdo ka prayog adhik hai aur Arabi-Farasi shabd km hai. Hindi sanvaidhanik rup se bharat ki rajbhasha aur bharat ki sbse adhik boli aur smjhi jane vali bhasha hai. Hindi bharat ki rashtrbhasha nhi hai kyonki bharat ke sanvidhan me kisi bhi bhasha ko aisa darja nhi diya gya hai. Ethnologue ke anusar hindi vishv ki tisri sbse adhik boli jane vali bhasha hai. Vishv aarthik manch ki ganana ke anusar yah vishv ki das shaktishali bhashao me se ek hai.

Hindi shabd ka sambandh sanskrit shabd sindhu se mana jata hai. Sindhu nadi ko kehte the aur usi aadhar pr uske aas-pas ki bhumi ko sindhu kehne lge. Yah sindhu shabd irani me jakar ‘Hindu’, Hindi aur fir ‘Hind’ ho gya. Bad me irani dhire-dhire Bharat ke adhik bhago se parichit hote gyi aur is shabd ke arth me vistar hota gya tatha hind shabd pure bharat ka vachak ho gya. Isi me irani ka ek pratyay lgne se (Hind+eek) ‘Hindik’ bna jiska arth hai ‘Hind ka’. Yunani shabd ‘Indika’ ya Latine India ya Angreji shabd ‘India’ aadi is ‘Hindik’ ke hi dusre rup hai. Hindi bhasha ke lie is shabd ka prachintam prayog Sharfuddin yajdi’ ke ‘Jafarnama’(1424) me milta hai.

Hindi Ka Itihas

Hin‍di bhasha ka itihas lagbhag ek sahasr varsh purana mana gya hai. Hin‍di bhasha va sahit‍ya ke jankar Apbhransh ki antim avs‍tha avahatth se Hin‍di ka udbhav s‍wikar krte hai. Chandradhar Sharma Guleri ne isi avahatth ko purani Hindi nam diya.

Apbhransh ki samapti aur aadhunik Bharatiya bhashao ke janmakal ke samay ko sankrantikal kaha ja skta hai. Hindi ka svarup shaurseni aur ardhmagdhi apbhransho se vikasit hua hai. 1000 E ke aaspas iski svatantr satta ka parichay milne lga tha, jb apbhransh bhashaye sahityik sandarbho me prayog me aa rhi thi. Yhi bhashaye bad me viksit hokr aadhunik bharatiya aary bhashao ke rup me abhihit hui. Apabhransh ka jo bhi kathy rup tha – vhi aadhunik boliyo me viksit hua.

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